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ADHD Medication in the UK Treatments for ADHD assist in reducing symptoms by boosting activity in specific areas of the brain. They also boost neurotransmitters, which are absent in people with ADHD. Stimulant drugs are the most frequently prescribed medication for adult ADHD in the UK. They are effective by enhancing activity in parts of the brain that are involved in attention and impulse control. Stimulants There are two types of medication licensed for use in the UK to treat adult ADHD: stimulants and non-stimulant drugs. stimulants, which boost brain activity in areas that regulate attention and behavior are usually the first choice. These include methylphenidate (often referred to as Ritalin) and Lisdexamfetamine (brand names including Vyvanse). These tablets can be taken a few times throughout the day as a pill that acts quickly or once a week in the form of a long-acting pill that releases into the bloodstream throughout the day. The dosage of the medication may need to be changed regularly in the early days as it is adjusted and monitored (titrated) to find the dosage that is effective for you. Stimulants are utilized as medical and recreational drugs. In the 1930s, amphetamines was frequently used by truck drivers, students and athletes for their energy boosters. Amphetamines are extremely dangerous and carry a high risk of abuse. They are used to can make people feel good and stimulate the brain in ways that can could lead to addiction. The most common side-effects of stimulants are a loss of appetite, trouble sleeping and problems with digestion or stomach. Adjustments to the dosage or timing of the medication usually alleviate these issues. Most adults tolerate them well. However, children can suffer more serious side effects, like the loss of weight, tics and crankiness. Non-stimulant ADHD medication works in a different way than stimulants and may take some time to begin working. Clonidine and guanfacine (brand names Catapres and Intuniv) are alpha agonists, both of which are able to stimulate certain receptors in the brain to increase concentration, reduce hyperactivity and impulsivity, and reduce behavioural issues such as tics and aggression. They can be used as a supplement to ADHD stimulant medications or used on their own by children aged 6-17. Atomoxetine also referred to as Strattera, is a non-stimulant medicine that improves impulse control and concentration by increasing the levels of noradrenaline in the brain. It can be prescribed on by itself, but it is most often used in conjunction with guanfacine for children. These medications are less likely to cause the same side-effects as stimulants, but can cause a variety of issues, such as headaches and difficulty sleeping. Atomoxetine Although stimulant drugs such as Ritalin and Adderall are typically recommended for kids with ADHD Some children don't respond to these medications. There are alternatives to stimulants for children with ADHD. They improve the signaling between nerves and the regions of the brain, which help kids concentrate more easily and control the impulsivity. Nonstimulant ADHD medication uses different active ingredients than stimulants. They also don't contain the potential for abuse and are not controlled substances. Atomoxetine is also known as Strattera, is a non-stimulant medication that can be used to treat ADHD in children, adults and teens. It is an antidepressant which has been shown to reduce ADHD symptoms by increasing the amount a chemical known as noradrenaline that is present in the brain. Noradrenaline transmits messages between brain cells and is involved in impulsivity, attention and motivation. Atomoxetine due to its unique mechanism of effect, does not have the same adverse effects as other antidepressants like Wellbutrin or Effexor. It is available to children as young as 5 years old. It is administered once or twice a day in tablet form. Atomoxetine provides stable 24-hour control over ADHD symptoms. It can help reduce the effects at night when the stimulants have wore off. The FDA has also approved guanfacine XR and clonidine XR, both of which are available as non-stimulant ADHD medication. These are typically prescribed to kids who haven't responded to stimulant medications or have trouble with their side effects. They can be used alone or in conjunction with stimulants like Adderall XR (amphetamine salts), for an effective treatment of ADHD. If you or your child is being treated with an non-stimulant ADHD medication, ensure you follow your GP's directions carefully. They will probably recommend starting with low doses, then gradually increasing the dosage. They'll also want to know about any other medications you or your child is taking, so that they can check there aren't any interactions. You'll need to go for regular appointments and let your GP know if you're experiencing any concerns or side effects from the medication. They'll be able to alter your dosage or give advice alternative treatments, like talking therapy. Unlicensed Medication The medication used to treat ADHD in adults includes a variety of non-stimulant and stimulant drugs. Psychologists can also prescribe drugs that are off-label (these are drugs which are approved for a different condition, but are being evaluated for their effectiveness in adults with ADHD). These are typically antidepressants such as bupropion or venflaxine. They have been shown to have some beneficial effect in the disorder and are well-tolerated at lower doses than those found in licensed treatments. Unlicensed medicines can be prescribed to a patient in the event of a medical need that is not met by a licensed medicine. Patients whose usual medication has been temporarily stopped due to a disruption of supply, or those who require a liquid form of a licensed tablet or capsule for reasons such as allergies or intolerances could be affected in a variety of ways. Unlicensed medications are usually called'specials' although this term can be used to describe medicines that are not on the label, or that have been prepared or sold in a manner which is not covered by the medicine's licence. Examples include crushing tablets to make them easier for patients to swallow. adult add medication include adding liquid to tablets or capsules that are licensed to create a mixture that can be administered via injection. In general healthcare professionals will employ unlicensed drugs as a last resort and when they believe that there is no approved alternative available. They will carefully consider several options to meet the specific requirements of each patient. They will also review regularly the results of treatment, taking into account the clinical experience as well as new licensed treatments. It is crucial that any unlicensed medication used to treat a person is safe and efficient. The reason for prescribing the medicine should also be recorded in the patient record. Report any side effects the patient may experience as a result of an off-label medication by using the MHRA Yellow Card Scheme. The information provided will be used by the MHRA to update the marketing authorisation of the medication and ensure that future prescriptions are safe and effective. Talk Therapy A therapist who works with you will help you understand your symptoms and assist you to find ways to manage them. They will also provide advice and support about how to change your ways of thinking and behavior to feel more positive. It is important to complete the amount of sessions your therapist suggests as this will make you feeling more positive. The amount of neurotransmitters that are present in your brain can reduce ADHD symptoms. These are substances that allow your neurons to transmit messages and help you focus your thoughts and stay clear of distractions. There are two main kinds of drugs used to treat ADHD that are stimulants and non-stimulants. They function in different ways, however they all increase the amount of neurotransmitters in your brain. There are several medications licenced in the UK to treat ADHD. The most popular medication is methylphenidate. It is available in immediate-release tablets, which are used in small doses, 2 to 3 times daily. Or as modified-release tablets, which are taken every week but released over the duration of the day. These medicines are not an effective treatment for ADHD but they can help to control and focus on the impulsive behavior. They are generally well tolerated, but your specialist will closely monitor your progress to ensure that you receive the correct dosage and don't experience any adverse side negative effects. It can take several weeks for the medication to reach its optimal level. It is also possible to increase the dosage (change your dosage on a regular basis) to find out what works best. Non-stimulant drugs like atomoxetine (available only with a prescription) are more efficient and have less chance of addiction than stimulants. They are more effective but not as well-liked. Some patients may experience problems with appetite, memory or sleep. Your doctor will track your development and decide if you should continue with atomoxetine, or switch to another treatment. Neither medications nor therapy are permanent solutions for people with ADHD. They can help you deal with your symptoms, and lead a more fulfilling life. Combining therapy with medication sessions will help you get the most from your treatment. You'll learn strategies for coping and recognize patterns that are not helpful to your behavior and thinking. Some people's improved mood and self-confidence can last even after their treatment.